plasma technology is getting a new trend in the advance technologies.However,
the full range of possible plasma density, energy(temperature) and spatial
scales go far beyond this illustration. For example, some space plasmas have
been measured to be lower in density than 10 to the power -10 per cubic meter or (10exp-10)/m3 - 13 orders of magnitude
less than the scale shown in the figure! On the other extreme, quark-gluon plasmas
(although mediated via the strong force field versus the electromagnetic field)
are extremely dense nuclear states of matter. For temperature (or energy),
some plasma crystal states produced in the laboratory have temperatures close
to absolute zero. In contrast, space plasmas have been measured with
thermal temperatures above 10+9 degrees Kelvin and cosmic rays (a type of
plasma with very large gyroradii) are observed at energies well above those
produced in any man-made accelerator laboratory. Considering Powers
of 10 is useful for grasping the unique way in which plasmas are radically
multi-scale in space, energy and density.
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